India’s journey towards nurturing scientific temper has been visionary and progressive. The concept was first articulated in 1946 by the then Prime Minister, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, and was later enshrined as a fundamental duty in the Constitution of India. Scientific temper promotes a way of life based on inquiry, observation, logical reasoning, experimentation, and analytical thinking. In pursuit of popularising science and technology among the masses—particularly students—the first science museum, the Birla Industrial and Technological Museum (BITM), Kolkata, was established on May 2, 1959 under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). This milestone was followed by the establishment of the Visvesvaraya Industrial & Technological Museum (VITM), Bengaluru, in July 1965. The movement further expanded with the initiation of the third science centre at Mumbai in 1974. As science museums continued to grow in reach and impact across the country, the need for a structured and coordinated framework was recognised, laying the foundation for the systematic development of science centres in India and shaping institutions such as the National Science Centre, Delhi.